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The Dropout Prevention Act – also known as: Title I, Part H, of No Child Left Behind - is responsible for establishing the school dropout prevention program under No Child Left Behind. This part of No Child Left Behind was created to provide schools with support for retention of all students, and prevention of dropouts from the most at-risk youth. It is estimated that 1.2 million American students drop out of high school each year.〔Dropping out〕 The US Department of Education assesses the dropout rate by calculating the percentage of 16- to 24-year-olds who are not currently enrolled in school and who have not yet earned a high school credential. For example, the high school dropout rate of the United States in 2008 was 8.1%.〔High School Dropout in the United States〕 The Dropout Prevention Act is, just as No Child Left Behind, based on scientifically based research (SBR).〔Scientifically based research〕 This research is monitored by The US Department of Education, Office of the Inspector General.〔nd) Title IX - General Provisions. Department of Education. Retrieved 10/27/11〕 This particular grant program provides funding to State Education Agency, and/or the local school districts. These funds are used for research-based, and coordinated, school dropout prevention programs for students in grades 6-12.〔"Office of Vocational and Adult Education." US Department of Education. N.p., 02 05 2011. Web. 26 Oct 2011. Finally, the act provided that the US Department of Education would create a national recognition program that would identify schools that have been effective in lowering their dropout rates.〔"Office of Vocational and Adult Education." US Department of Education. N.p., 02 05 2011. Web. 26 Oct 2011. ==Historical context== Statistical research shows that one-third of most American students are labeled as at-risk for academic failure, with dropping out of school being the main result of this failure.〔Schargel, F. P., & Smink, J. (2001). ''Strategies to help solve our school dropout problem''. Larchmont, NY: Eye on Education〕 Historically, an extreme amount of pressure is placed on our schools to raise test scores, with very little attention paid to ensuring that students graduated. When the Bush Administration passed No Child Left Behind in 2002, they took a major step toward dropout accountability by instituting the Dropout Prevention Act within the law.〔Orfield, Gary. ''Dropouts In America, Confronting The Graduation Rate Crisis''. Harvard Educational Pub Group, 2006.〕 The grants that come from this act are awarded for up to 60 months to local education agencies (LEA’s) and state education agencies (SEA’s) to support those agencies in student dropout prevention and reentry efforts for students that have dropped out. These grants can be used for the following:〔"HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATION INITIATIVE ALSO KNOWN AS SCHOOL DROPOUT PREVENTION PROGRAM ." US Department of Education. N.p., 16 06 2010. Web. 25 Oct 2011. * The early and continued identification of students at risk of not graduating. *Identifying and encouraging youth who have left school without graduating to reenter and graduate. *Implementing other comprehensive approaches. *Implementing transition programs to help the successful transition from middle school to high school.〔"HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATION INITIATIVE ALSO KNOWN AS SCHOOL DROPOUT PREVENTION PROGRAM ." US Department of Education. N.p., 16 06 2010. Web. 25 Oct 2011. An example of one program that was used as a model is the Project Success Program that was implemented at Bainbridge High School in Georgia. Students that enroll in the program are/have: *typically economically disadvantaged. * scored below the 25th percentile on a standardized test. * received a grade of “D” or below in a vocational class. * in need of support services. The Project Success initiative focuses on student advancement in a vocational field, while also remediating any deficiencies that that the student has in reading, mathematics, or language.〔Bauer, R., & Michael, R. (1993). ''They're still in school: Results of an intervention program for at-risk high school students''. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association, Atlanta.〕 Moreover, the stress of this act is to reach students at the onsite of any at-risk behavior, specifically lower standardized test scores, as research suggests that the gap between standardized test scores and classroom performance only increases with time.〔Hickman, G. P., Bartholomew, M., Mathwig, J., & Heinrich, R. S. (2008). ''Differential developmental pathways of high school dropouts and graduates''. The Journal of Educational Research, 102(1), 3-14.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dropout Prevention Act」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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